=Quyền nhóm người dùng=
Quyền nhóm người dùng mặc định
Quyền nhóm người dùng (đôi khi còn được gọi là cờ) là các gói chứa quyền thành viên được chỉ định cho chúng. Sau đó, người dùng có thể được thăng cấp lên các nhóm người dùng này để cho phép họ sử dụng tất cả các quyền trong nhóm người dùng.
Bài viết này đề cập đến các nhóm người dùng mặc định trên Miraheze wiki và các quyền mà họ đã gán cho họ. Một số wiki có thể chọn thêm hoặc xóa quyền khỏi một nhóm hoặc xóa hoàn toàn một nhóm người dùng, vì vậy hướng dẫn này có thể không mang tính biểu thị hoặc chính xác trên một số wiki đã chọn khác với các quyền và nhóm người dùng mặc định. Tuy nhiên, không có wiki nào có thể xóa một nhóm cục bộ bị hạn chế hoặc một nhóm toàn cầu.
Nhóm địa phương
Nhóm địa phương là tất cả các nhóm chỉ có quyền lực trên một wiki, wiki địa phương của họ. Không giống như các nhóm toàn cầu có thể thực hiện một số hành động nhất định trên tất cả wiki Miraheze, các nhóm cục bộ chỉ có quyền trên một wiki.
Dưới đây là danh sách tất cả các nhóm cục bộ theo mặc định và bao gồm các nhóm người dùng bị hạn chế mà chỉ Stewards và Trust and Safety mới có thể chỉ định.
Bureaucrats
Hành chính viên là nhóm cục bộ cao nhất mà người dùng có thể có được theo mặc định. Các hành chính viên có khả năng thăng cấp và giáng cấp bảo quản viên và bảo quản viên giao diện. Ngoài ra, các hành chính viên có khả năng không bị ảnh hưởng bởi giới hạn tỷ lệ, ghi đè kiểm tra giả mạo tài khoản cục bộ trong AntiSpoof và có thể truy cập ManageWiki.
Theo mặc định, các hành chính viên không thể bị giáng cấp bởi các hành chính viên khác, chỉ Stewards mới có thể làm điều đó. Các hành chính viên cũng nắm giữ một lượng lớn quyền lực tại địa phương. Chỉ thăng cấp những người dùng đáng tin cậy lên hành chính viên. Nếu bạn là một hành chính viên, bạn có thể yêu cầu giáng chức các hành chính viên khác trên bảng thông báo của Stewards' (miễn là bạn có lý do chính đáng cho việc đó, chẳng hạn như hành chính viên hoặc sự đồng thuận của cộng đồng, từ chức hoặc lý do chính đáng khác).
Chỉ riêng nhóm hành chính viên không cung cấp cho người dùng khả năng thực hiện nhiều tác vụ thường liên quan đến việc trở thành bảo quản viên, chẳng hạn như cấm người dùng và xóa trang. Để làm tất cả điều đó, bạn cũng phải là bảo quản viên.
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Administrators
Administrator (in the "sysop" group) is the second-highest local group a user can obtain by default. Administrators have the ability to block users, protect or delete pages, among many other administrative duties.
By default, administrators may only be demoted by bureaucrats and may not demote or promote others to administrator. Administrators have the ability to promote and demote users to autopatrolled, confirmed or rollbacker.
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Interface administrators
Interface administrator (in the "interface-admin" group) is a group which allows users to edit the MediaWiki namespace (which contains all system messages) along with sitewide and personal CSS, JavaScript and JSON. Because editing the interface for the entire wiki or for certain users can lead to potential security issues, you should be careful who you give this to! Only give it to trusted users. Administrators can by default also edit the interface, so this group doesn't need to be granted to administrators for them to be able to edit system messages or sitewide/personal CSS/JS/JSON.
By default, interface administrators may be promoted or demoted by bureaucrats only.
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Bots
Bot (in the "bot" group) is a group which classifies a user as an automated process or bot. These users have their edits hidden in the Recent Changes by default to prevent them from clogging the page (though you can view their recent actions by removing the "Human (not bot)" filter in Special:RecentChanges). In addition to that, they have certain other permissions assigned to them to prevent them from getting caught in the CAPTCHAs, prevent them from getting caught in IP-based rate limits, among a few other permissions to prevent any interference for legitimate bots.
By default, bots may be promoted or demoted by bureaucrats only.
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Rollbackers
Rollbacker (in the "rollback" group) is a group which allows users to quickly revert all the edits made by the last user who edited a certain page. The ability to rollback is already included in the administrator toolset so you do not need to promote administrators to this group for them to be able to rollback edits.
By default, rollbackers may be promoted or demoted by administrators.
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Autopatrolled users
Autopatrolled (in the "autopatrolled" group) is a group which allows users' edits to be automatically 'patrolled' (marked as "reviewed") and prevent them from appearing in the Recent Changes with a red exclamation point. These users can also mark other's edits as reviewed. This permission is typically granted to users who have shown that they don't need to be monitored.
By default, autopatrolled users may be promoted or demoted by administrators.
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Confirmed users
Confirmed users (in the "confirmed" group) are users who can bypass certain restrictions set on new accounts such as CAPTCHAs and can edit pages protected against non-(auto)confirmed users. This is done to prevent spam.
By default, confirmed users may be promoted or demoted by administrators.
Confirmed users are granted these permissions by default:
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Autoconfirmed users
Autoconfirmed users (in the "autoconfirmed" group) are users who can bypass certain restrictions set on new accounts such as CAPTCHAs and can edit pages protected against non-autoconfirmed users, just as those in the "confirmed" group, except that they are, by default, automatically promoted to autoconfirmed after their account reaches 4 days of existence and 10 edits have been made. If you don't wish to wait that long, you can forcefully promote a user to confirmed to allow them to bypass CAPTCHAs and edit semi-protected pages without meeting the threshold for automatic promotion to autoconfirmed. This is done to prevent spam.
In addition to the above, autoconfirmed users are also given these permissions:
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Members
Member (in the "member" group) is a group given to users on private wikis which allows them to read a wiki. Apart from being able to read the wiki, they hold no other special permission.
By default, members may be promoted or demoted by administrators.
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Users
User (in the "user" group) is a group that is made up of all registered users, whether they have any advanced group or not.
No one can revoke the user user group from a user. Though they can be banned, they can never lose their user group.
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(everyone)
(everyone) (in the "*" group) is a group that is composed by all registered and non-registered users. This means that this includes both users and IP editors.
Removing permissions from this group is useful to prevent IP editors from doing certain actions. If you remove a permission from this group, you should ideally move it to the "user" group to allow users to be able to do the action (such as editing).
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Restricted local user groups
On all wikis, a few groups exist which are not assignable by bureaucrats. These groups are only assignable by users in global groups with the userrights/userrights-interwiki permission in their toolset as all these user groups wield an immense amount of power locally.
Checkusers
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CheckUser is a special group and tool which allows its wielders (called Checkusers) to check users' IP addresses, user-agents, along with some other information. This permission is only used when investigating sockpuppetry or platform abuse and is not assignable by local bureaucrats. CheckUser is, by policy, restricted for use only by Stewards and Trust and Safety.
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Local Interwiki Administrator
Interwiki administrator is a local group which allows its users to edit the local interwiki table of a specific wiki. Unlike global Interwiki administrators, local Interwiki administrators can only edit their local wiki's interwiki table.
In order to be a local Interwiki administrator, an election must first be held on the wiki where Interwiki administrator is requested and the candidate must meet eligibility requirements. Refer to the Interwiki administrators page for more information.
Local interwiki administrators may only be promoted or demoted by Stewards, in compliance with policy.
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Oversighters
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Oversight is a special group which allows its wielders (called Oversighters) to completely suppress and hide log entries and revisions from everyone who is not an Oversighters, including local administrators and even Stewards themselves when they do not have the oversight flag on. It is typically only used to hide personal information and is not assignable by local bureaucrats. Oversight is, by policy, restricted for use only by Stewards and Trust and Safety.
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Local Stewards group
Steward is a special local group rarely granted by Stewards to themselves. This local group differs from the Steward global group in that this group only affects Stewards locally on one wiki. Stewards typically assign themselves this group to manipulate local permissions while on that wiki instead of using Meta to remotely change permissions. Typically, this is in certain circumstances where the local wiki has a custom local user group that does not exist on Meta Wiki and temporarily adding the local bureaucrat to themselves would not work as the custom local user group is hierarchically higher than the local bureaucrat user group.
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Global groups
Global groups are user groups which have certain permissions across all Miraheze wikis. Their permissions cannot be revoked or changed by local bureaucrats and administrators.
Stewards
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Stewards (in the "steward" global group) are community elected officials who "work with communities to address issues facing them locally such as disputes, abusive or disruptive behaviour as well as global issues such as disruptive behaviour across multiple wikis." They have full access to all parts of the MediaWiki interface, including CheckUser and Oversight.
For more information, please check Stewards. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/steward.
Global Sysops
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Global Sysops (in the "global-sysop" global group) "are users who assist Stewards in supporting the community and working with communities to address issues facing them locally as well as cleaning up vandalism, preventing it when possible and enforcing Miraheze's global policies."
For more information, please check Global Sysops. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-sysop.
Global Rollbackers
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Global Rollbackers (in the "global-rollbacker" global group) are trusted users with a track record in counter vandalism who help Global Sysops and Stewards fight vandalism by monitoring wikis and reverting spam and vandalism where detected using their rollbacking abilities.
For more information, please check Global Rollbackers. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-sysop.
System administrators
System administrators (in the "sysadmin" global group) are users who work at Site Reliability Engineering which maintains Miraheze's infrastructure and keeps Miraheze running smoothly. These users have permissions assigned to them to ensure they can debug any broken feature or fix anything that is broken.
For more information, please check Tech:SRE Volunteers. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/sysadmin.
Trust and Safety
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Trust and Safety (in the "trustandsafety" global group) works to resolve issues which affect Miraheze's trust and safety. They work to enforce the Terms of Use and to investigate potential abuse on the platform. These users are granted permissions that allow them to investigate fully and redact any personal information.
For more information, please check Trust and Safety. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/trustandsafety.
Global Interwiki administrators
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Global Interwiki administrators (in the "global-interwiki-admin" global group) are users who can edit the interwiki table for any wiki across all of Miraheze. Unlike local interwiki administrators who can only edit the interwiki table for their wiki, global interwiki administrators can edit the interwiki table of any wiki upon request.
Interwiki administrators cannot edit the global interwiki table (located at Meta) though, only Meta administrators can.
For more information, please check Interwiki administrators. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-interwiki-admin.
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Global IP block exemption
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A global IP block exemption (granted by the "global-ipblock-exempt" global group) is a special type of exemption which is given to users who are affected by 'hard' IP rangeblocks, StopForumSpam automatic blocks or to who can't edit wikis because they use Tor.
Most Miraheze wikis allow registered users to edit if they use a StopForumSpam-blocked or Tor IP range which makes granting global IP block exemptions rare.
For more information, please check Global IP block exemption. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-ipblock-exempt.
Global Flooders
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Global Flooders (in the "global-flood" global group) are users or automated scripts who are treated as bots by MediaWiki on all wikis. This means their edits do not appear in pages such as the Recent Changes so as to not flood these with their repetitive actions. Granting this permission to any non-system administrator run process is very rare and has never been done though it can be done at a Steward's discretion.
For more information, please check Global Flooders. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-flood.
Default user groups by extension
Some extensions add a few user groups to the ones already existing on-wiki.
Translation administrators
Translation administrators are the users with the ability to mark pages for translation using the Special:PageTranslation interface that is the part of Translate extension. Translation admins decide which pages and text should be marked for the translation.
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