Alternative Konten

In der Regel wird von Bearbeitern erwartet, dass sie nur mit einem Konto arbeiten. Manchmal existiert jedoch ein Grund, mehrere Accounts zu haben. Diese Mehrfach-Accounts werden alternative Accounts genannt oder manchmal als Alts abgekürzt.

Übersicht

Typically, editors are expected to edit from a single account that is used by one person. Occasionally, there is an acceptable need to make an alternate account, the main examples listed below. There are two keys here; transparency and good intention. It is strongly advised to link to the main account and create it while logged in as a gesture of goodwill against abuse. Names can take whatever form is necessary for the purpose and don't have to strictly associate with the original account, pursuant to the Username Policy, of course. Alternate accounts are accepted for a variety of purposes until they demonstrate bad intentions, listed below as illegitimate use. As long as they are used legitimately and with 'common sense', disclosure is not strictly required.

When running for a position/bit that requires a community discussion (for example, bot, administrator/sysop, bureaucrat) with a main account, all alternate accounts should be declared and should not participate in the discussion, especially misleadingly as 'independent' users.

Advanced rights on wikis (particularly for Meta and Miraheze) should only be requested and held by one account at a given time, along with the above on disclosure. Advanced rights include translation administrator, administrator, bureaucrat, checkuser, or oversighter. They do not include more basic rights, such as confirmed, bot, flooder, rollbacker and ipblock-exempt. Notable exceptions are "adminbots" with a sysop flag to perform wiki services and "brand accounts" representing an entity and which may not strictly be controlled by single users.

If there are concerns about acceptable alt usage or circumstances with unusual conditions, it is highly suggested to leave a message or email stewardsmiraheze.org, so guidance can be offered on the simplest and optimal way to handle the situation.

Shared accounts

Conversely, users may participate with shared accounts, either for practical user reasons or for administrative ones (bots, brand accounts). Per the user accounts policy, these must be disclosed on the user page and cannot hold global rights.

Using alternate accounts legitimately

In all cases, transparency is preferred. Transparency comes from creating the alternate account when the original account is still logged in (i.e., the Special:CreateAccount form) and/or by formally declaring association to the main account on the alt's user page, likewise acknowledging its existence through the main account.

• Testing: Experiment with user rights and features from an 'ordinary' perspective, such as on a wiki you are developing.
• Flooders: For organizational reasons, users who perform high-volume manual or semi-automatic edits and frequently use the flooder flag may want to create a second account for those tasks.
• Branding: An account associated with a particular brand and representing 'the wiki', where the operators and scope of the account are known.
• Bots: Bots, or automated edit scripts, are often run from a different account than the one used to operate them, in accordance with any locally established policies governing bot usage (where they exist). Where a wiki has no locally established policies governing bot usage, the bot operator should reach out to any bureaucrat on that wiki stating how they intend to operate their bot, the task(s) it aims to perform, how frequently it plans it to edit, etc., for assent to operate the bot.

Editing while you're not logged in

There is no rule against editing while logged out. This can occur for a variety of reasons, including failing to notice that the login session had expired, switching computers, immediately accessing a page via a link, and forgetting passwords.

Using alternate accounts illegitimately

This is where sockpuppetry comes in. Sockpuppetry (often abbreviated in discussion as "socking") is the use of multiple Miraheze user accounts for nefarious purposes. Attempts to deceive or mislead other editors, disrupt discussions, distort consensus, avoid sanctions, or otherwise violate community standards and policies are all examples of nefarious purposes.

* Evasion of sanctions: Sanctions apply to individuals. Using another account to go around a sanction (such as an active block, ban or other restriction) is considered abuse. The offending account will likely be locked and further warning/notice will be issued to the main account.

*:If you want to contest a block or ban on a non-Meta Miraheze Wiki, you should follow these options in order: appeal by your local talk page/the locally designated appeal area, appeal to a local/active administrator by their talk page on Meta if this has not been allowed, appeal to Stewards via the Stewards' noticeboard by explaining the situation and getting them to look into it, and if you are unable to edit at all (for example, you've been locked), appeal by email to stewardsmiraheze.org.

* Spoofing: Creating multiple accounts to 'spoof' or disrupt community votes or discussions, and using alts to try and discredit the opposing argument with bad form (also called 'straw socking'). Votes and inputs from misused alternate accounts will be struck and implicated accounts will be investigated by Stewards as necessary. * Good-hand/bad-hand accounts: Using one account constructively, but operating another (or multiple) for disruption, vandalism and so forth. * Editing while logged out to mislead: Treat your IP address as an account (a secret one where an actual account is always ideal); everyone is expected to conduct themselves properly even while logged out. Take care when editing with your IP to avoid 'Spoofing' or evading sanctions. * Misusing a clean start: Users who need a new beginning, wish to get away from their contentious history or wish to start up an account to pursue a different line of interests on Miraheze can attempt to do so. If global or local sanctions apply, they must be respected, and preferably a Steward is in contact, so they do not take the account for a sockpuppet of a repeat vandal or problem case. If not, especially if the problematic behavior resulting in the original sanctions or awful reputation is repeated, and no Steward has been contacted to reach terms, this attempted clean start will be seen as abuse. * Role accounts: There is no policy against accounts representing entities, but the account should always be able to verify its association with the entity it is named for. For example, accounts implying relationship with a wiki should be verifiably operated by the given wiki's administration and have a clear function. * Avoiding scrutiny: A Wikipedia term specializing in the above 'spoofing'; accounts made to lure attention away from the activity or history of the primary account where that information is in the local community's interest. Especially relevant for, say, requesting adminship.

Wie man mit illegalen Konten umgeht

* Any blocks or confrontations should only be done with certainty, by users with experience, preferably with either a track of evidence that convinces multiple people locally or a smoking gun reference to use. Avoid the appearance of a witch hunt – the goal is to deal with the abuse as quickly and cleanly as possible. * As a matter covered by global policy, the evidence can be collected and presented to Stewards who can take further actions, ranging from formal warnings to account locks and other global or local measures. Evidence includes behavioral association, any technical evidence that may be visible, and anything else needed to corroborate the suspected abuse. The evidence and request for review can be offered on the Stewards' noticeboard, by IRC/Discord to a Steward or the official #cvt channel, or by email to stewards@miraheze.org. * Die Stewards entscheiden nach eigenem Ermessen, ob globale Maßnahmen erforderlich sind, einschließlich der Verwendung von CheckUser - ein Tool, das kurzfristig eingesetzt wird, um technische Details von Nutzern und Verbindungen zu sammeln, von denen sie vernünftigerweise annehmen, dass sie mit dem Missbrauch in Verbindung stehen/stehen könnten. Wenn die Verbindung offensichtlich ist, d.h. wenn es sich um ein eindeutiges Muster für langfristigen Missbrauch handelt, werden die lokalen Admins dazu ermutigt, den Benutzer direkt zu sperren und sich überhaupt nicht zu engagieren. Die Globale Administratoren sind befugt, sich damit zu befassen, können aber keine CheckUser verwenden und überlassen die Untersuchung den Stewards.

Legitimierte Nutzer im Kreuzfeuer

Je nach den beteiligten Wikis und den stattfindenden Aktivitäten ist es leider möglich, dass es zu falsch positiven Meldungen kommt. Das kann ein Verdacht der lokalen Admins sein, der darauf beruht, dass "du", ein legitimer, brandneuer Nutzer, am falschen Ort und zur falschen Zeit editiert, ähnlich wie bekannte, wiederkehrende Sockenpuppen, bis hin zu unglücklichen technischen Verbindungen, die dazu führen können, dass sogar ein Steward aufgrund eines falschen Positivs handelt. Zum Beispiel können bestimmte Verbindungen schwer oder gar nicht voneinander zu unterscheiden sein, was bei bestimmten Dienstleistern und Bevollmächtigten (insbesondere Schulen) ein Problem darstellt. In diesen Fällen wird eine umfassende Kommunikation und Zusammenarbeit gefördert und begrüßt. Nur wenige unrechtmäßige Akteure werden sich die Mühe machen, Einspruch zu erheben, und werden Sanktionen einfach auf andere Weise umgehen. Nutzer/innen, die unter Verdacht geraten und gute Absichten haben, werden ermutigt, mit Geduld und Vernunft zu reagieren und notfalls einen Steward um Hilfe bei Problemen in der Sprache zu bitten.

Siehe auch

* User accounts policy – The official policy related to using multiple accounts.

Referenzen

• Sockpuppetry - An English Wikipedia policy