User groups/zh-cn

用户组（有时也被称为标志）是分配有权限的分组. 然后，用户可以被提升到这些用户组，以允许他们使用用户组中的所有权限.

本文介绍了Miraheze Wiki上的默认用户组以及他们所拥有的权限. 一些wiki可能会选择添加或删除某个用户组的权限，或者完全删除某个用户组，因此本指南对于一些选择偏离默认用户组和权限的wiki来说可能不具有指示性或不准确. 然而，任何wiki都不能删除受限的本地组或全域组.



本地用户组
本地组是所有只对一个wiki（他们的本地wiki）有权力的组. 与对所有Miraheze Wiki拥有特定权限的全域组不同，本地组只对一个wiki拥有权限.

下面是默认情况下所有本地组的列表，包括只有Stewards和Trust and Safety可以分配的受限用户组.

行政员是默认可用的最高等级的用户组. 行政员有权提拔或降级管理员和界面管理员. 而且，行政员可以不受速率限制，在账户防骗覆盖本地账户欺骗，以及访问 ManageWiki.

默认情况下，行政员不能被其他行政员（包括自己）降职，只有管家可以移除行政员权限. 行政员在当地也拥有巨大的权力. '''只将受信任的用户提升为行政员. '''如果您是行政员，您可以在监管员的公告板上要求其他行政员被降级（假设您有充分的理由，例如行政员（或社区）共识、用户本人申请辞职或其他充分理由）.

行政员本身没有管理员所拥有的权限，例如封禁用户和删除页面. 要完成所有这些，您还必须是管理员. 因此，绝大多数wiki的行政员同时拥有管理员权限.

管理员（那些在   组中的）是用户默认可以获得的第二高的本地组. 管理员能够封禁用户、保护或删除页面，以及许多其他管理职责.

默认情况下，管理员只能被行政员降级，不得将其他人降级或提升为管理员或机器人. 管理员可以将用户升级和降级为巡查豁免者、确认用户或回退权.

Interface administrator (in the " " group) is a group which allows users to edit the MediaWiki namespace (which contains all system messages) along with sitewide and personal CSS, JavaScript and JSON. Because editing the interface for the entire wiki or for certain users can lead to potential security issues, you should be careful who you give this to! Only give it to trusted users. Administrators can by default also edit the interface, so this group doesn't need to be granted to administrators for them to be able to edit system messages or sitewide/personal CSS/JS/JSON.

By default, interface administrators may be promoted or demoted by bureaucrats only.

Bot (in the " " group) is a group which classifies a user as an automated process or bot. These users have their edits hidden in the Recent Changes by default to prevent them from clogging the page (though you can view their recent actions by removing the "" filter in Special:RecentChanges). In addition to that, they have certain other permissions assigned to them to prevent them from getting caught in the CAPTCHAs, prevent them from getting caught in IP-based rate limits, among a few other permissions to prevent any interference for legitimate bots.

By default, bots may be promoted or demoted by bureaucrats only.

Rollbacker (in the " " group) is a group which allows users to quickly revert all the edits made by the last user who edited a certain page. The ability to rollback is already included in the administrator toolset so you do not need to promote administrators to this group for them to be able to rollback edits.

By default, rollbackers may be promoted or demoted by administrators.

Autopatrolled (in the " " group) is a group which allows users' edits to be automatically 'patrolled' (marked as "reviewed") and prevent them from appearing in the Recent Changes with a red exclamation point. These users can also mark other's edits as reviewed. This permission is typically granted to users who have shown that they don't need to be monitored.

By default, autopatrolled users may be promoted or demoted by administrators.

Confirmed users (in the " " group) are users who can bypass certain restrictions set on new accounts such as CAPTCHAs and can edit pages protected against non-(auto)confirmed users. This is done to prevent spam.

By default, confirmed users may be promoted or demoted by administrators.

Confirmed users are granted these permissions by default:

Autoconfirmed users (in the " " group) are users who can bypass certain restrictions set on new accounts such as CAPTCHAs and can edit pages protected against non-autoconfirmed users, just as those in the " " group, except that they are, by default, automatically promoted to  after their account reaches 4 days of existence and 10 edits have been made. If you don't wish to wait that long, you can forcefully promote a user to  to allow them to bypass CAPTCHAs and edit semi-protected pages without meeting the threshold for automatic promotion to autoconfirmed. This is done to prevent spam.

In addition to the above, autoconfirmed users are also given these permissions:

Member (in the " " group) is a group given to users on private wikis which allows them to read a wiki. Apart from being able to read the wiki, they hold no other special permission.

By default, members may be promoted or demoted by administrators.

User (in the " " group) is a group that is made up of all registered users, whether they have any advanced group or not.

No one can revoke the  user group from a user. Though they can be banned, they can never lose their  group.

(in the " " group) is a group that is composed by all registered and non-registered users. This means that this includes both users and IP editors.

Removing permissions from this group is useful to prevent IP editors from doing certain actions. If you remove a permission from this group, you should ideally move it to the " " group to allow users to be able to do the action (such as editing).

Restricted local user groups
On all wikis, a few groups exist which are not assignable by bureaucrats. These groups are only assignable by users in global groups with the /  permission in their toolset as all these user groups wield an immense amount of power locally.

CheckUser is a special group and tool which allows its wielders (called ) to check users' IP addresses, user-agents, along with some other information. This permission is only used when investigating sockpuppetry or platform abuse and is not assignable by local bureaucrats. CheckUser is, by policy, restricted for use only by Stewards and Trust and Safety.

Local
Interwiki administrator is a local group which allows its users to edit the local interwiki table of a specific wiki. Unlike global Interwiki administrators, local Interwiki administrators can only edit their local wiki's interwiki table.

In order to be a local Interwiki administrator, an election must first be held on the wiki where Interwiki administrator is requested and the candidate must meet eligibility requirements. Refer to the Interwiki administrators page for more information.

Local interwiki administrators may only be promoted or demoted by Stewards, in compliance with policy.

Oversight is a special group which allows its wielders (called ) to completely suppress and hide log entries and revisions from everyone who is not an, including local administrators and even Stewards themselves when they do not have the  flag on. It is typically only used to hide personal information and is not assignable by local bureaucrats. Oversight is, by policy, restricted for use only by Stewards and Trust and Safety.

Local group
Steward is a special local group rarely granted by Special:MyLanguage/Stewards to themselves. This local group differs from the Steward global group in that this group only affects Stewards locally on one wiki. Stewards typically assign themselves this group to manipulate local permissions while on that wiki instead of using Meta to remotely change permissions. Typically, this is in certain circumstances where the local wiki has a custom local user group that does not exist on Meta Wiki and temporarily adding the local  to themselves would not work as the custom local user group is hierarchically higher than the local bureaucrat user group.

Global groups
Global groups are user groups which have certain permissions across all Miraheze wikis. Their permissions cannot be revoked or changed by local bureaucrats and administrators.

 (in the " " global group) are community elected officials who "work with communities to address issues facing them locally such as disputes, abusive or disruptive behaviour as well as global issues such as disruptive behaviour across multiple wikis." They have full access to all parts of the MediaWiki interface, including CheckUser and Oversight.

For more information, please check Special:MyLanguage/Stewards. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/steward.

Global Sysops (in the " " global group) "are users who assist Stewards in supporting the community and working with communities to address issues facing them locally as well as cleaning up vandalism, preventing it when possible and enforcing Miraheze's global policies."

For more information, please check Global Sysops. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-sysop.

Global Rollbackers (in the " " global group) are trusted users with a track record in counter vandalism who help Global Sysops and Stewards fight vandalism by monitoring wikis and reverting spam and vandalism where detected using their rollbacking abilities.

For more information, please check Global Rollbackers. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-sysop.

System administrators (in the " " global group) are users who work at Site Reliability Engineering which maintains Miraheze's infrastructure and keeps Miraheze running smoothly. These users have permissions assigned to them to ensure they can debug any broken feature or fix anything that is broken.

For more information, please check Tech:SRE Volunteers. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/sysadmin.

Trust and Safety (in the " " global group) works to resolve issues which affect Miraheze's trust and safety. They work to enforce the Terms of Use and to investigate potential abuse on the platform. These users are granted permissions that allow them to investigate fully and redact any personal information.

For more information, please check Trust and Safety. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/trustandsafety.

Global Interwiki administrators (in the " " global group) are users who can edit the interwiki table for any wiki across all of Miraheze. Unlike local interwiki administrators who can only edit the interwiki table for their wiki, global interwiki administrators can edit the interwiki table of any wiki upon request.

Interwiki administrators cannot edit the global interwiki table (located at Meta) though, only Meta administrators can.

For more information, please check Interwiki administrators. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-interwiki-admin.

A global IP block exemption (granted by the " " global group) is a special type of exemption which is given to users who are affected by 'hard' IP rangeblocks, StopForumSpam automatic blocks or to who can't edit wikis because they use Tor.

Most Miraheze wikis allow registered users to edit if they use a StopForumSpam-blocked or Tor IP range which makes granting global IP block exemptions rare.

For more information, please check Global IP block exemption. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-ipblock-exempt.

Global Flooders (in the " " global group) are users or automated scripts who are treated as bots by MediaWiki on all wikis. This means their edits do not appear in pages such as the Recent Changes so as to not flood these with their repetitive actions. Granting this permission to any non-system administrator run process is very rare and has never been done though it can be done at a Steward's discretion.

For more information, please check Global Flooders. For a list of this group's permissions, see Special:GlobalGroupPermissions/global-flood.

Default user groups by extension
一些扩展在维基上已经存在的用户组上增加了一些用户组.

Translation administrators are the users with the ability to mark pages for translation using the Special:PageTranslation interface that is the part of Translate extension. Translation admins decide which pages and text should be marked for the translation.