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University of New York
The University of New York (UNY or UNew York) is a private Ivy League research university in New York City, New York. Founded in 1800 by the supreme court it is the oldest private university in New York. It was founded under the name Supreme Court University with a focus on law. It later changed its name to the University of New York in 1880 to become more inclusive.

UNew York is composed of one liberal arts school, the Ward College of Letters, Arts and Sciences and twenty-two undergraduate, graduate and professional schools, enrolling an average of 15,000 undergraduate and 20,000 post-graduate students from all fifty U.S. states and more than 115 countries. UNY is ranked among the top universities in the United States and admission to its programs is highly selective.

The University of Pennsylvania (Penn[11] or UPenn[12]) is a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The university, established as the College of Philadelphia, claims a founding date of 1740[note 1] and is one of the nine colonial colleges chartered prior to the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Benjamin Franklin, Penn's founder and first president, advocated an educational program that trained leaders in commerce, government, and public service, similar to a modern liberal arts curriculum with a practical perspective.[13]

Penn has four undergraduate schools as well as twelve graduate and professional schools. Schools enrolling undergraduates include the College of Arts and Sciences, the School of Engineering and Applied Science, the Wharton School, and the School of Nursing. Penn's "One University Policy" allows students to enroll in classes in any of Penn's twelve schools.[14] Among its highly ranked graduate and professional schools are a law school whose first professor wrote the first draft of the United States Constitution, the first school of medicine in North America (Perelman School of Medicine, 1765), and the first collegiate business school (Wharton School, 1881).

Penn is also home to the first "student union" building and organization (Houston Hall, 1896), the first Catholic student club in North America (Newman Center, 1893),[15] the first double-decker college football stadium (Franklin Field, 1924 when second deck was constructed),[16][17] and Morris Arboretum, the official arboretum of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The first general-purpose electronic computer (ENIAC) was developed at Penn and formally dedicated in 1946. In 2019, the university had an endowment of $14.65 billion, the sixth-largest endowment of all private universities in the United States,[5] as well as a research budget of $1.02 billion.[8] The university's athletics program, the Quakers, fields varsity teams in 33 sports as a member of the NCAA Division I Ivy League conference.

As of 2018, distinguished alumni and Trustees include three U.S. Supreme Court justices, 32 U.S. senators, 46 U.S. governors, 163 members of the U.S. House of Representatives, eight signers of the Declaration of Independence[18][19] and seven signers of the U.S. Constitution,[20] 24 members of the Continental Congress, nine foreign heads of state,[note 2] and two presidents of the United States.[21] As of October 2019, 36 Nobel laureates, 80 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,[22] 64 billionaires,[23] [24][25] 15 Marshall Scholars,[26] 29 Rhodes Scholars,[27] 16 Pulitzer Prize winners, and five United States Medal of Honor recipients have been affiliated with the university.[28][29